@Article{HagenHuRaChOmPoCa:2022:ClChRi,
               author = "Hagen, Isabel and Huggel, C. and Ramajo, L. and Chacon, N. and 
                         Ometto, Jean Pierre Henry Balbaud and Postigo, J. C. and 
                         Castellanos, E. J.",
          affiliation = "{University of Zurich} and {University of Zurich} and {Centro de 
                         Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Aridas (CEAZA)} and {Venezuelan 
                         Institute for Scientific Research} and {Instituto Nacional de 
                         Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Indiana University} and 
                         {Universidad del Valle de Guatemala}",
                title = "Climate change-related risks and adaptation potential in Central 
                         and South America during the 21st century",
              journal = "Environmental Research Letters",
                 year = "2022",
               volume = "17",
               number = "3",
                pages = "e033002",
                month = "Mar.",
             keywords = "central and South America, climate projection, climate change 
                         impacts, adaptation, risks.",
             abstract = "Climate-related risks in Central and South America have received 
                         increased attention and concern in science and policy, but an 
                         up-to-date comprehensive review and synthesis of risks and 
                         adaptation potential is currently missing. For this paper we 
                         evaluated over 200 peer-reviewed articles and grey literature 
                         documents published since 2012. We found that climate change in 
                         Central and South America during the 21st century may increase the 
                         risk to severe levels for the following topical risk clusters: (a) 
                         Food insecurity; (b) Floods and landslides; (c) Water scarcity; 
                         (d) Epidemics of vector-borne diseases; (e) Amazon Forest biome 
                         shift; (f). Coral bleaching; (g) Coastal risks of sea level rise, 
                         storm surges and erosion; (h) Systemic failure due to cascading 
                         impacts of hazards and epidemics. Our synthesis also identified 
                         feasible adaptation measures for each risk. The impacts of the 
                         risks will be heterogeneous throughout the region, with rural 
                         communities, Indigenous peoples, Afro-Latin Americans, women, 
                         disabled people, and migrants identified as being the most 
                         severely affected. We refer to a number of adaptation options for 
                         each risk. However, unabated climate change together with low 
                         adaptive capacity will strictly limit adaptation options. 
                         Immediate strengthening of policies for building adaptive capacity 
                         and increase of research on the risk-adaptation nexus in Central 
                         and South America are paramount. Our findings might contribute to 
                         guide the adjustment and emphasis of adaptation policies and 
                         climate risk management strategies from local to national level.",
                  doi = "10.1088/1748-9326/ac5271",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac5271",
                 issn = "1748-9326",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "Hagen_2022_Environ._Res._Lett._17_033002.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "20 maio 2024"
}